Human menopause is characterised by ovarian failure, gonadotrophin hypersecretion and hypertrophy of neurones expressing neurokinin B (NKB), kisspeptin (KiSS)-1 and oestrogen receptor (ER) alpha gene transcripts within the hypothalamic infundibular (arcuate) nucleus.
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In addition, menopause is accompanied by hypertrophy of neurons in the infundibular (arcuate) nucleus expressing KiSS-1, neurokinin B (NKB), substance P, dynorphin and estrogen receptor alpha (ERalpha) mRNA.
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CONTEXT: Human menopause is characterized by ovarian failure, gonadotropin hypersecretion, and neuronal hypertrophy in the hypothalamic infundibular (arcuate) nucleus.
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Neuropeptide Y (NPY) and proopiomelanocortin (POMC) neurons in the infundibular (arcuate) nucleus of the hypothalamus are part of a reciprocal circuit regulating reproduction and energy balance.
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Neurokinin B (NKB) gene expression is elevated in the infundibular (arcuate) nucleus of the hypothalamus in postmenopausal women.
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There is hypertrophy of neurons expressing substance P and neurokinin B gene transcripts in the infundibular (arcuate) nucleus, accompanied by increased tachykinin gene expression.
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Numerous small to medium-sized, fusiform and multipolar NPY-, AGRP-, and alphaMSH-immunoreactive (-IR) cells were widely distributed throughout the rostro-caudal extent of the infundibular (arcuate) nucleus.
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Human menopause is associated with hypertrophy and increased gene expression of neurokinin (NKB) neurons in the infundibular (arcuate) nucleus of the hypothalamus.
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Neurons expressing high levels of calretinin immunoreactivity were particularly abundant in the infundibular (arcuate) nucleus, the suprachiasmatic nucleus, the lateral area and the dorsomedial nucleus of the hypothalamus.
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A few appositions was observed in the infundibular (arcuate) nucleus, suggestive of a monosynaptic regulation of TI neurons by a septo-arcuate tract.
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Hypertrophy and increased gene expression of tachykinin neurons occur in the infundibular (arcuate) nucleus of postmenopausal women.
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No double-immunolabeled neurons could be detected in the infundibular (arcuate) nucleus.
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In the human hypothalamus, neuronal cell bodies stained for MCH were observed only in the periventricular area whereas cell bodies containing alpha-MSH were exclusively located in the infundibular (arcuate) nucleus.
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The most prominent hypothalamic group consisted of small neurons in the infundibular (arcuate) nucleus.
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At the infundibular lip, GnRH+ perikarya are generally lateral or ventral to the infundibular (arcuate) nucleus, and are rarely within the nucleus itself.
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The infundibular (arcuate) nucleus seems to display non AVP-dependent CRa much greater in the human than in the rat..
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With antibodies that we developed against synthetic human pancreatic GRF (hpGRF), we localized GRF immunoreactivity in neuronal cell bodies that were observed only in the infundibular (arcuate) nucleus.
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These two antibodies stain a single neuronal system with cell bodies mainly located in the infundibular (arcuate) nucleus, and in the ventromedial and lateralis tuber nuclei.
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In man, discrete neurons of the infundibular (arcuate) nucleus contain compounds that can be stained with anti-endorphin (alpha and beta), anti-ACTH, anti-MSH (alpha and beta) and anti-beta-LPH immune sera (I.S.).
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